The League of Nations sent a commission to investigate the attack. The commission held Japan responsible and the League condemned the Japanese actions but were unwilling to go further. The Japanese withdrew from the league. Japanese Invade Manchuria. This Government expressed the hope that nations would refrain from measures which might lead to that they would agree upon a peaceful method for resolving their dispute "in accordance with their promises and in keeping with expectations of public opinion throughout the world".
However, Japanese military operations continued. By the end of Japan had destroyed the last remaining administrative authority of the Government of the Chinese Republic in South Manchuria, as it existed prior to September 18 of that year.
The United States Government notified the Chinese and Japanese Governments on January 7, that it could not admit the legality of any situation de facto nor did it intend to recognize any treaty or agreement entered into between these Governments which might impair the treaty rights of the United States or its citizens in China; that it did not intend to recognize "any situation, treaty, or agreement" which might be brought about by means contrary to the obligations of the Kellogg-Briand Pact.
In pursuance of this policy the puppet government established by Japanese arms in Manchuria a few weeks later has not been recognized by the United States. After the hostilities between Japan and China had spread to the Shanghai area early in l the Japanese Government asked that the United States extend its good offices for stopping hostilities. Thereupon, the United States made a proposal on February 2 containing the following points: cessation of all acts of violence on both sides; no further preparation for hostilities; withdrawal of both Chinese and Japanese combatants in the Shanghai area; protection of the International Settlement at Shanghai by the establishment of neutral ones; and upon acceptance of the foregoing, prompt negotiations to settle all outstanding controversies between Japan and China with the aid of neutral observers or participants.
The Chinese Government promptly accepted the proposal; the Japanese Government, while accepting some of the points, rejected flatly the second and fifth points, and consequently the proposal came to no avail.
In February Secretary of State Stimson proposed to the British Government that the United States and British Governments issue a joint statement invoking the Nine-Power Treaty and the Kellogg-Briand Pact in the Far Eastern controversy, making clear that the two Governments considered these treaties as fully binding and declaring that they would not recognize as valid any situation created in violation of these treaties.
He referred to the statement of the United States Government of January 7 and said that if a similar policy were followed by the other governments of the world, an effective bar would be placed on the legality of any title or right sought to be obtained by pressure or treaty violation and that eventually such action would lead to restoration to China of the rights and titles of which China had been deprived.
The British Government did not adopt the specific suggestion made by Secretary Stimson. Later it introduced in the Assembly of the League of Nations a resolution which was unanimously adopted; this resolution of March 11, stated in part: "it is incumbent upon the members of the League of Nations not to recognize any situation, treaty or agreement which may be brought about by means contrary to the Covenant of the League of Nations or to the Pact of Paris.
Grew, reported to Secretary Stimson on August 13, the growing dangers in the existing situation. Japan, sensing conflict was inevitable, began planning for an attack on Pearl Harbor by April, The alliance systems of Japan, Germany and Italy were put into action by this time, but Russo-Japanese relations were cordial. In the surprise attack, Japan sunk several ships, destroyed hundreds of planes and ended thousands of lives.
The Japanese goal was to cripple the U. Pacific fleet, and they nearly succeeded. The ensuring war was costly. Years of fighting brought the U. The Japanese were vicious fighters, however, and every victory cost more time, material and lives.
The last major battle, the fight for Okinawa, lasted almost three months and took more than , Japanese and American lives. The thought of invading Japan gave Truman and his advisors pause. The war had shown that the Japanese were fighting for the Emperor who convinced them that it was better to die than surrender.
Women and children had been taught how to kill with basic weapons. Japanese kamikaze pilots could turn planes into guided missiles.
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